Colon cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers in the United States. It is the fourth most common cancer (excluding some skin cancers) and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths—ranking third for men, fourth for women, and second overall when both men and women are combined.
While these numbers may seem alarming, colon cancer is highly preventable and treatable when detected early. That’s why understanding the symptoms, risk factors, and screening options is so important.
Colon Cancer Symptoms: What to Watch For
In its early stages, colon cancer often has no symptoms, which is why routine screening is crucial. However, as the cancer progresses, some common warning signs include:
✅ Changes in bowel habits (persistent diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of stool for several days)
✅ Blood in the stool (dark brown, black, or rectal bleeding)
✅ Abdominal pain or cramping
✅ Unexplained fatigue or weakness
✅ Unintentional weight loss
If you experience any of these symptoms, consult a healthcare provider as soon as possible.
Why Screening is More Important Than Ever
In recent years, colon cancer rates have been rising in younger adults. It is now a leading cause of cancer death in individuals aged 20-49.
Because of this trend, screening guidelines have changed:
🔹 New recommendation: Begin colon cancer screening at age 45 (previously 50).
🔹 Earlier screening for high-risk individuals – If you have:
A family history of colon cancer
Inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis)
Other genetic or medical risk factors
You may need to start screening before age 45. Talk to your doctor to determine the best timing for you.
Colon Cancer Screening Options
There are several ways to screen for colon cancer, ranging from at-home stool tests to in-office or outpatient procedures. Your doctor can help you decide which is right for you.
Gold Standard: Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy – Generally considered the most effective and complete screening method. A tiny camera is used to examine the entire colon. This is performed every 10 years if results are normal. A bowel cleansing/prep is required, and it is performed under sedation. Although it may seem scary and uncomfortable, most patients tolerate the procedure extremely well.
Other Screening Options
🔹 Flexible Sigmoidoscopy – A shorter version of a colonoscopy. (Every 5 years, or every 10 if combined with a FIT test)
🔹 CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy) – A specialized CT scan that takes pictures of the colon. (Every 5 years)
🔹 Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) – A stool test that detects hidden blood. (Yearly)
🔹 Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) – A stool test using antibodies to detect blood. (Yearly)
🔹 FIT-DNA Test (Cologuard) – A stool test that checks for abnormal cancer DNA. (Every 3 years)
🔹 Shield Blood Test – A newer test available since late 2024 that detects cancer DNA in the bloodstream for those at average risk.
Take Control of Your Health
Colon cancer is preventable, treatable, and beatable—but only if caught early. If you're 45 or older or at higher risk, schedule your screening today.
Don’t wait—early detection could save your life.
Need to schedule your screening or have questions?
Contact Dr Thomas Bailey at Mahoning Valley Direct Primary Care at 330-953-3250.
Or conveniently schedule your appointment online by clicking here.
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